This rugged and beautiful state sits on Mexico's southern border with Guatemala. Its pine forest highlands, steamy jungle lowlands, and little explored Pacific Coast have, until recently, attracted only veteran Mexico travelers, and backpackers on their way to Central America. An ambitious promotional effort known as the Mundo Maya has focused attention on the state's contemporary Mayan culture, magnificent ancient ruins, ecological wonders, and quiet colonial villages.

The States economy is dominated by agriculture. Chiapas is second only to Veracruz in tropical agricultural output (mostly coffee and bananas). It is also Mexico’s largest source of cattle. Oil reserves discovered in the late 1970's have yet to be fully exploited, while rich tracks of timber (tropical hardwoods, pine, oak) have been harvested for decades. The Rio Grijalva generates more electricity that any other river in Mexico, yet the State has little industry. Less than half of the homes in Chiapas have electricity.

Ecological touring opportunities in Chiapas are outstanding. Aside from several unique geologic attractions (see below) the state reportedly has the highest concentration of animal species in all of North America, including several large cats, over 600 bird species, and over 1,200 butterfly species.

Ecological tours are operated by several U.S., and Mexican operators. See page ECO-6 for a listing of operators, or contact the Mexican Association of Adventure Travel and Ecotourism in Mexico City, tel. 52 (5) 663-5381; fax. 52 (5) 662-7354.

Of the state's 3.4 million inhabitants, about 700,000 are Native Americans descendants of the Maya and other ethnic groups. Tourism has helped boost these people's economic position, as well as upgrading their social status in a state dominated by an elite landed ruling class.

Visitors to Chiapas (most of whom are European) enter either via Villahermosa, or via the State's capital, Tuxtla-Gutiérrez. Most tourists plan an itinerary that takes in Mayan ruins, ecological sightseeing, and a few days kicking around the utterly charming city of San Cristóbal de las Casas. lt is one of Mexico’s most fascinating and photogenic cities. A richly complex tapestry of indigenous cultures adds color and character to the city's graceful colonial-era churches, mansions, and civic buildings.

Beyond San Cristóbal, Chiapas holds many ecological treasures and national parks. its Pacific shore is one of Mexico´s last stretches of virgin coast, lacking any significant resort development Heading southeast from Villahermosa stop at the majestic ruins of Palenque.

Note: With tension still brewing between the government and rebels, visitors should expect to see some military presence on Chiapas highways (roadblocks where vehicles may be searched and documents are reviewed). Always travel with proof of citizenship.